# Geography ### Angle Takes three point GEOGRAPHY values, which represent two intersecting lines. Returns the angle between these lines. Point 2 and point 1 represent the first line and point 2 and point 3 represent the second line. The angle between these lines is in radians, in the range \[0, 2pi). The angle is measured clockwise from the first line to the second line. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_angle) ```sql ST_ANGLE(@geography, @geography_2, @geography_3) ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_3` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Area Returns the area in square meters covered by the polygons in the input GEOGRAPHY –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_area) ```sql ST_AREA(@geography) ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### As GeoJSON Returns the RFC 7946 compliant GeoJSON representation of the input GEOGRAPHY –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_asgeojson) ```sql ST_ASGEOJSON(@geography) ``` #### Return type string #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### As text Returns the WKT representation of an input GEOGRAPHY –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_astext) ```sql ST_ASTEXT(@geography) ``` #### Return type string #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Azimuth Takes two point GEOGRAPHY values, and returns the azimuth of the line segment formed by points 1 and 2. The azimuth is the angle in radians measured between the line from point 1 facing true North to the line segment from point 1 to point 2. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_azimuth) ```sql ST_ANGLE(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Boundary Returns a single GEOGRAPHY that contains the union of the boundaries of each component in the given input GEOGRAPHY. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_boundary) ```sql ST_BOUNDARY(@geography) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Buffer Returns a GEOGRAPHY that represents the buffer around the input GEOGRAPHY. This function is similar to ST\_BUFFERWITHTOLERANCE, but you specify the number of segments instead of providing tolerance to determine how much the resulting geography can deviate from the ideal buffer radius. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_buffer) ```sql ST_BUFFER(@geography, @buffer_radius[, num_seg_quarter_circle => @num_seg_quarter_circle][, endcap => @endcap][, side => @side]) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@buffer_radius` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | | `@num_seg_quarter_circle` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | | `@endcap` | [enum](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#enum) | any of: `ROUND`, `FLAT` | false | *(Round (default))* | | `@side` | [enum](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#enum) | any of: `BOTH`, `LEFT`, `RIGHT` | false | *(Both (default))* | ### Buffer with tolerance Returns a GEOGRAPHY that represents the buffer around the input GEOGRAPHY. This function is similar to ST\_BUFFER, but you provide tolerance instead of segments to determine how much the resulting geography can deviate from the ideal buffer radius. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_bufferwithtolerance) ```sql ST_BUFFERWITHTOLERANCE(@geography, @buffer_radius, @tolerance_meters[, endcap => @endcap][, side => @side]) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@buffer_radius` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | | `@tolerance_meters` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | | `@endcap` | [enum](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#enum) | any of: `ROUND`, `FLAT` | false | *(Round (default))* | | `@side` | [enum](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#enum) | any of: `BOTH`, `LEFT`, `RIGHT` | false | *(Both (default))* | ### Centroid Returns the centroid of the input GEOGRAPHY as a single point GEOGRAPHY. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_centroid) ```sql ST_CENTROID(@geography) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Closest point Returns a GEOGRAPHY containing a point on Geography 1 with the smallest possible distance to Geography 2. This implies that the distance between the point returned by ST\_CLOSESTPOINT and Geography 2 is less than or equal to the distance between any other point on Geography 1 and Geography 2. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_closestpoint) ```sql ST_CLOSESTPOINT(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Contains Returns TRUE if no point of Geography 2 is outside Geography 1, and the interiors intersect; returns FALSE otherwise. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_contains) ```sql ST_CONTAINS(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Convex hull Returns the convex hull for the input GEOGRAPHY. The convex hull is the smallest convex GEOGRAPHY that covers the input. A GEOGRAPHY is convex if for every pair of points in the GEOGRAPHY, the geodesic edge connecting the points are also contained in the same GEOGRAPHY. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_convexhull) ```sql ST_CONVEXHULL(@geography) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Covered by Returns FALSE if Geography 1 or Geography 2 is empty. Returns TRUE if no points of Geography 1 lie in the exterior of Geography 2. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_coveredby) ```sql ST_COVEREDBY(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Covers Returns FALSE if Geography 1 or Geography 2 is empty. Returns TRUE if no points of Geography 2 lie in the exterior of Geography 1. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_covers) ```sql ST_COVERS(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Difference Returns a GEOGRAPHY that represents the point set difference of Geography 1 and Geography 2. Therefore, the result consists of the part of Geography 1 that does not intersect with Geography 2. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_difference) ```sql ST_DIFFERENCE(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Dimension Returns the dimension of the highest-dimensional element in the input GEOGRAPHY. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_dimension) ```sql ST_DIMENSION(@geography) ``` #### Return type integer #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Disjoint Returns TRUE if the intersection of Geography 1 and Geography 2 is empty, that is, no point in Geography 1 also appears in Geography 2. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_disjoint) ```sql ST_DISJOINT(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Distance Returns the shortest distance in meters between two non-empty GEOGRAPHYs. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_distance) ```sql ST_DISTANCE(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### DWithin Returns TRUE if the distance between at least one point in Geography 1 and one point in Geography 2 is less than or equal to the Distance argument, otherwise, returns FALSE –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_dwithin) ```sql ST_DWITHIN(@geography, @geography_2, @distance) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@distance` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | ### Endpoint Returns the last point of a linestring geography as a point geography. Returns an error if the input is not a linestring or if the input is empty. Use the SAFE prefix to obtain NULL for invalid input instead of an error. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_endpoint) ```sql [@safe]ST_ENDPOINT(@geography) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@safe` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | ### Equals Returns TRUE if Geography 1 and Geography 2 represent the same GEOGRAPHY value. More precisely, this means that one of the following conditions holds: + ST\_COVERS(geography, geography\_2) = TRUE and ST\_COVERS(geography\_2, geography) = TRUE + Both Geography 1 and Geography 2 are empty. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_equals) ```sql ST_EQUALS(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Exterior ring Returns a linestring geography that corresponds to the outermost ring of a polygon geography. If the input geography is a polygon, gets the outermost ring of the polygon geography and returns the corresponding linestring. If the input is the full GEOGRAPHY, returns an empty geography. Returns an error if the input is not a single polygon. Use the SAFE prefix to obtain NULL for invalid input instead of an error. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_exteriorring) ```sql [@safe]ST_EXTERIORRING(@geography) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@safe` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | ### Geo from Converts an expression for a STRING or BYTES value into a GEOGRAPHY value. If expression represents a STRING value, it must be a valid GEOGRAPHY representation in one of the following formats: WKT, WKB, GeoJSON –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_geogfrom) ```sql ST_GEOGFROM(@expression) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@expression` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [string](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#string) | true | - | ### Geo from GeoJSON Returns a GEOGRAPHY value that corresponds to the input GeoJSON representation. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_geogfromgeojson) ```sql ST_GEOGFROMGEOJSON(@geojson[, @make_valid]) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geojson` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [string](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#string) | true | - | | `@make_valid` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | ### Geo from text Returns a GEOGRAPHY value that corresponds to the input WKT representation. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_geogfromtext) ```sql ST_GEOGFROMTEXT(@wkt[, @oriented][, @planar][, @make_valid]) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@wkt` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [string](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#string) | true | - | | `@oriented` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | | `@planar` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | | `@make_valid` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | ### Geo from wkb Converts an expression for a hexadecimal-text STRING or BYTES value into a GEOGRAPHY value. The expression must be in WKB format –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_geogfromwkb) ```sql ST_GEOGFROMWKB(@wkb) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@wkb` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [string](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#string) | true | - | ### Geogpoint Creates a GEOGRAPHY with a single point. ST\_GEOGPOINT creates a point from the specified FLOAT64 longitude and latitude parameters and returns that point in a GEOGRAPHY value. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_geogpoint) ```sql ST_GEOGPOINT(@longitude, @latitude) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@longitude` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | | `@latitude` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | ### Geogpoint from Geohash Returns a GEOGRAPHY value that corresponds to a point in the middle of a bounding box defined in the GeoHash –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_geogpointfromgeohash) ```sql ST_GEOGPOINTFROMGEOHASH(@geohash) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ---------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geohash` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [string](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#string) | true | - | ### Geohash Returns a GeoHash representation of geography\_expression. The resulting GeoHash will contain at most Max chars characters. Fewer characters corresponds to lower precision (or, described differently, to a bigger bounding box) –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_geohash) ```sql ST_GEOHASH(@geography, @maxchars) ``` #### Return type string #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@maxchars` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer) | true | - | ### Geometry type Returns the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) geometry type that describes the input GEOGRAPHY as a STRING. The OGC geometry type matches the types that are used in WKT and GeoJSON formats and printed for ST\_ASTEXT and ST\_ASGEOJSON. ST\_GEOMETRYTYPE returns the OGC geometry type with the "ST\_" prefix. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_geometrytype) ```sql ST_GEOMETRYTYPE(@geography) ``` #### Return type string #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Intersection Returns a GEOGRAPHY that represents the point set intersection of the two input GEOGRAPHYs. Thus, every point in the intersection appears in both Geography 1 and Geography 2 –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_intersection) ```sql ST_INTERSECTION(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Intersects Returns TRUE if the point set intersection of Geography 1 and Geography 2 is non-empty. Thus, this function returns TRUE if there is at least one point that appears in both input GEOGRAPHYs. If ST\_INTERSECTS returns TRUE, it implies that ST\_DISJOINT returns FALSE. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_intersects) ```sql ST_INTERSECTS(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Intersects box Returns TRUE if geography intersects the rectangle between \[lng1, lng2] and \[lat1, lat2]. The edges of the rectangle follow constant lines of longitude and latitude. lng1 and lng2 specify the westmost and eastmost constant longitude lines that bound the rectangle, and lat1 and lat2 specify the minimum and maximum constant latitude lines that bound the rectangle. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_intersectsbox) ```sql ST_INTERSECTSBOX(@geography, @lng1, @lat1, @lng2, @lat2) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@lng1` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | | `@lat1` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | | `@lng2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | | `@lat2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | ### Is collection Returns TRUE if the total number of points, linestrings, and polygons is greater than one. An empty GEOGRAPHY is not a collection. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_iscollection) ```sql ST_ISCOLLECTION(@geography) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Is empty Returns TRUE if the given GEOGRAPHY is empty; that is, the GEOGRAPHY does not contain any points, lines, or polygons. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_isempty) ```sql ST_ISEMPTY(@geography) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Length Returns the total length in meters of the lines in the input GEOGRAPHY. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_length) ```sql ST_LENGTH(@geography) ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Make line Creates a GEOGRAPHY with a single linestring by concatenating the point or line vertices of each of the input GEOGRAPHYs in the order they are given. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_makeline) ```sql ST_MAKELINE(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Make polygon Creates a GEOGRAPHY containing a single polygon from a linestring input, where the input linestring is used to construct a polygon ring. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_makepolygon) ```sql ST_MAKEPOLYGON(@geography) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Max distance Returns the longest distance in meters between two non-empty GEOGRAPHYs; that is, the distance between two vertices where the first vertex is in the first GEOGRAPHY, and the second vertex is in the second GEOGRAPHY. If Geography 1 and Geography 2 are the same GEOGRAPHY, the function returns the distance between the two most distant vertices in that GEOGRAPHY. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_maxdistance) ```sql ST_MAXDISTANCE(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Num geometries Returns the number of geometries in the input GEOGRAPHY. For a single point, linestring, or polygon, ST\_NUMGEOMETRIES returns 1. For any collection of geometries, ST\_NUMGEOMETRIES returns the number of geometries making up the collection. ST\_NUMGEOMETRIES returns 0 if the input is the empty GEOGRAPHY. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_numgeometries) ```sql ST_NUMGEOMETRIES(@geography) ``` #### Return type integer #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Num points Returns the number of vertices in the input GEOGRAPHY. This includes the number of points, the number of linestring vertices, and the number of polygon vertices. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_numpoints) ```sql ST_NUMPOINTS(@geography) ``` #### Return type integer #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Perimeter Returns the length in meters of the boundary of the polygons in the input GEOGRAPHY. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_perimeter) ```sql ST_PERIMETER(@geography) ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Point N Returns the Nth point of a linestring geography as a point geography, where N is the index. The index is 1-based. Negative values are counted backwards from the end of the linestring, so that -1 is the last point. Returns an error if the input is not a linestring, if the input is empty, or if there is no vertex at the given index. Use the SAFE prefix to obtain NULL for invalid input instead of an error. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_pointn) ```sql [@safe]ST_POINTN(@geography, @index) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@index` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer) | true | - | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@safe` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | ### Simplify Returns a simplified version of geography, the given input GEOGRAPHY. The input GEOGRAPHY is simplified by replacing nearly straight chains of short edges with a single long edge. The input geography will not change by more than the tolerance specified by tolerance\_meters. Thus, simplified edges are guaranteed to pass within tolerance\_meters of the original positions of all vertices that were removed from that edge. The given tolerance\_meters is in meters on the surface of the Earth. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_simplify) ```sql ST_SIMPLIFY(@geography, @tolerance_meters) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@tolerance_meters` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | ### Snap to grid Returns the input GEOGRAPHY, where each vertex has been snapped to a longitude/latitude grid. The grid size is determined by the grid\_size parameter which is given in degrees. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_snaptogrid) ```sql ST_SNAPTOGRID(@geography, @grid_size) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@grid_size` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) or [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | ### Start point Returns the first point of a linestring geography as a point geography. Returns an error if the input is not a linestring or if the input is empty. Use the SAFE prefix to obtain NULL for invalid input instead of an error. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_startpoint) ```sql [@safe]ST_STARTPOINT(@geography) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@safe` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | ### Touches Returns TRUE provided the following two conditions are satisfied: (1) Geography 1 intersects Geography 2 and (2) the interior of Geography 1 and the interior of Geography 2 are disjoint. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_touches) ```sql ST_TOUCHES(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Union Returns a GEOGRAPHY that represents the point set union of all input GEOGRAPHYs. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_union) ```sql ST_UNION(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Within Returns TRUE if no point of Geography 1 is outside of Geography 2 and the interiors of Geography 1 and Geography 2 intersect. Given two geographies a and b, ST\_WITHIN(a, b) returns the same result as ST\_CONTAINS(b, a). Note the opposite order of arguments. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_within) ```sql ST_WITHIN(@geography, @geography_2) ``` #### Return type boolean #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | -------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@geography_2` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### X Min Returns a float representing the west-most constant longitude line that bounds the geometry –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_xmin) ```sql ST_BOUNDINGBOX(@geography).xmin ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### X Max Returns a float representing the east-most constant longitude line that bounds the geometry –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_xmax) ```sql ST_BOUNDINGBOX(@geography).xmax ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Point X Returns the longitude in degrees of the single-point input GEOGRAPHY –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_x) ```sql [@safe]ST_X(@geography) ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@safe` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | ### Point Y Returns the latitude in degrees of the single-point input GEOGRAPHY –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_y) ```sql [@safe]ST_Y(@geography) ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@safe` | [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#boolean) | any [boolean](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#boolean) | true | - | ### Y Min Returns a float representing the minimum constant latitude line that bounds the geometry. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_ymin) ```sql ST_BOUNDINGBOX(@geography).ymin ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Y Max Returns a float representing the maximum constant latitude line that bounds the geometry. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_ymax) ```sql ST_BOUNDINGBOX(@geography).ymax ``` #### Return type float #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Centroid aggregate Computes the centroid of the set of input GEOGRAPHYs as a single point GEOGRAPHY. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_centroid_agg) ```sql ST_CENTROID_AGG(@geography) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### Geo aggregate Returns a geography variable that represents the point set union of all input geographies. –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_union_agg) ```sql ST_UNION_AGG(@geography) ``` #### Return type geography #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ------------ | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | ### DBSCAN clustering Identifies high-density geography clusters and marks outliers in low-density areas of noise –> [learn more](https://cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs/reference/standard-sql/functions-and-operators#st_clusterdbscan) ```sql ST_CLUSTERDBSCAN(@geography, @epsilon, @minimum_geographies) ``` #### Return type integer #### Parameters | Name | Type | Allowed values | Required | Placeholder (in UI) | | ---------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | -------- | ------------------- | | `@geography` | [variable](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#variable) | any [geography](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#geography) | true | - | | `@epsilon` | [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer), [float](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#float) | true | - | | `@minimum_geographies` | [literal](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/projects/transform-nodes/variable-creation-methods/common-elements#literal) | any [integer](https://docs.redivis.com/reference/datasets/variables#integer) | true | - |